In an observational study of the behavior of monkeys in a zoo, you count the number of behaviors that occur within a given time interval. This is the ________ method of quantifying behavior.
frequency
duration
behavioral
behavior counting
In an observational study of the behavior of children in a day care center, you record how long a particular behavior, such as a temper tantrum, lasts. This is the ________ method of quantifying behavior.
frequency
duration
latency
interval
The simplest way to evaluate interrater reliability is to compute:
percent agreement
Cohen's Kappa
Person r
none of the above
Generally, a minimum interrater reliability coefficient of ________ is acceptable.
.30
.50
.70
.90
Observer bias occurs when:
only one observer is used
observers are blind to the purpose of the study
observers know the goals of a study or they hypotheses being tested
all of the above
You are interested in studying the mating habits of chimpanzees. Consequently, you travel to Africa and observe a group of chimpanzees from afar. The method being used in this example is:
participant-observer
naturalistic observation
field experimentation
content analysis
To study the workings of a right-wing political group, you join the group and make observations at the group's regular meetings. This is an example of:
participant-observer
naturalistic observation
a field study
a field experiment
Observations that do not alter your participant's behavior are said to be ________ observations.
obtrusive
blind
noninvasive
unobtrusive
Which of the following is a disadvantage of being a participant-observer?
your presence may alter the behavior of the group
Covert participant observation is ethically questionable
you cannot adequately manipulate independent variables
both a and b
Naturalistic observations and participant-observer studies are both:
unethical
experimental techniques used with observational research
purely descriptive, therefore causal relationships cannot be established
suitable for use in the laboratory as well as in the field
In ________, you study existing records.
archival research
a case history
naturalistic observation studies
participant-observer studies
Which of the following is a concern you might have if you were planning to do an archival study?
how to gain access to the records you need
the complexity of the records you are studying
how complete the records you are studying will be
all of the above
Data in naturalistic observation studies are most likely to be:
quantitative
qualitative
unreliable
nonempirical
The use of hidden cameras to record the license plate numbers of student-drivers who speed through the parking lot outside the psychology classroom building results in ________ by the driver.
less reactance
greater reactance
less reliability
greater reliability
A two-year account of the progress of a manic-depressive patient who is undergoing psychiatric care is an example of a: