Simply stated if the p values is less than or equal to .05, the null hypothesis is rejected. Since the typical research hypothesis states that there is a difference, then if follows that rejecting the null hypotheses means the research hypothesis is retained. Many students become confused with this logic; because they often forget and assume that the research hypothesis has been rejected and as a result will state that there were no differences in the two groups. I have found that the best way to instill this concept is to repeat it to the class very often and have them repeat it to back to me. It isn’t a difficult concept, but it can become quite confusing. See the example of the SPSS output analysis for an example of a t test table reporting relevant statistics, including the p value.