Terms for test - Chapter 1 and Appendix

Psychology

Major perspectives – biological, evolutionary, learning (behavioral), cognition, sociocultural, psychoanalytical, humanistic

Nonscientific sources of information – common sense, appeal to authority, unsystematic observation, faith-based

Scientific method – systematic observation, objectivity, replication

Skepticism – critical thinking (independent thinking, suspension of judgment, willingness to modify or abandon prior judgments)

Description – operational definition

Explanation – theory

Prediction- hypothesis

Control

Applied vs. basic research

Naturalistic observation – advantage and disadvantage, laboratory observation

Case study – advantage and disadvantage

Survey – representative sample, population, advantage, disadvantage

Correlation – +1 to -1 (correlation coefficient), scatterplot, advantage, disadvantage

Experimental method – independent variable (experimental and control group), dependent variable, confounds, placebo effect, single blind, double blind, selective bias, experimenter bias, random assignment, advantage, disadvantage

Participant’s rights – legality, institutional approval, informed consent, deception, debriefing, clients patients students subordinates, payment, publication

Animal’s rights – legality, supervision by experienced personnel, minimization of discomfort

Founding father- Wundt 1879

Measure of central tendency – mean, median, mode

Variability – range, standard deviation

Inferential statistics – population, sample, statistical significance (.05)