1. What
is the function of the neurons in the primary visual cortex (simple, complex,
end-stop, blob cells)? How are they arranged in the cortex? How could simple,
complex, and end-stop
cells work based on the information they receive from the eye?
2. What are the 2 pathways that the information from the eye takes? Make sure to indicate what each section of the brain is doing.
3. Describe
the studies on relating neural activity to perception in detail (selective
adaptation, recordings from the brain, selective rearing, brain
damage).
4. Describe the way in which the trichromatic theory works. Draw the curves of the firing rates of the cones to help explain your answer (physiological basis). Describe the different types of color blindness and explain how this is related to trichromatic theory.
5. Describe how the opponent process theory of color vision work.s (DeValois & DeValois). Include diagrams. Note: you only need to draw 1 set of all of the different receptive fields and 1 version of how you are able to perceive color using this system. Describe how color afterimages support this theory.
6. What are the pictorial depth cues? Give an example of each.
7. What are the movement depth cues? What are the oculomotor cues? How do they work (include max. distances)?
8. What is binocular disparity? How are we able to determine depth by using this? Make sure to define disparity, horopter, crossed and uncrossed, and retinal images.
9. What is size constancy? How does it relate to visual angle and depth cues (using the hallway experiment)? What is the formula for determining size constancy? Describe 1 illusion that works by size constancy.
10. What is lightness constancy? How does it relate to reflectance (ratio principle)? Give a real life example of how it may work. What factors influence it (give 2 room study).Why do 3-dimentional scenes pose a problem? Relate to shadows.
11. What is color constancy? How do wavelengths compare between inside and outside light? What factors influence it (give appropriate experiments)? How does the Retinex theory explain color constancy?
12. What is our velocity threshold and what factors influence it? Give 3 detailed examples of how biological motion can help with perception (what can we detect just through motion). How do we perceive biological motion (using the corollary discharge theory)?
13. What are the motion illusions (name and describe)? How do we get these experiences?
14. What is sound? How does it travel? How does the medium it is traveling through affect the sound wave? What happens to it as it travels? How do the various physical components of the sound wave impact our perception of sound?
15. Draw the complete structure of the outer to inner ear (including inside the cochlea) and describe the contributions each section makes to auditory perception.
16. What are the different types of auditory impairments (both conductive and sensorineural)? What causes these problems?